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<title><![CDATA[文志宏－－连锁经营培训咨询/特许经营培训咨询]]> </title>
<description>
<![CDATA[专注于连锁经营和特许经营的培训和咨询服务]]>
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<link>http://ahwen820.blog.bokee.net/</link>
<language>zh-cn</language>
<creator>ahwen820</creator>
<pubDate>Wed, 21 Jun 2006 12:47:11 CST </pubDate>
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<title>《如何维系良好的特许经营关系？》－原载中国连锁协会《连锁》杂志2008年第9期</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2182069.html</link>
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<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><a name="_Toc207384706"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">如何维系良好的特许经营关系</span></strong></a><a name="_Toc207384707"></a><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc207384707"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">？</span></strong></span><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc207384707"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></span></p>
<span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc207384707"></span>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">作者：文志宏（和君咨询合伙人兼连锁研究中心总监）<o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">原载中国连锁经营协会《连锁》杂志2008年第9期<o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">所谓特许经营关系，是指从特许经营合同签订起到合同终止或解除，期间由特许人与受许人所形成的关系总和。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">特许经营独特的合作机制决定了特许经营双方是一种唇齿相依的长期合作关系，因此，良好的特许经营关系是特许经营成功的重要保障。在特许经营体系中，特许人处于主导地位，在特许经营关系管理中，特许人同样起到主导作用，因此建立和维护良好的特许经营关系，是特许人的重要责任。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">一</span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">特许经营关系的特点<o:p></o:p></span></strong></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">1</span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">矛盾性<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">特许人与受许人之间的关系被称为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">商界最复杂的一种关系</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">。特许经营是基于特许经营合同而建立起来的商业合作关系，特许人与受许人之间所有权分散</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">经营权集中，在合作中，由于经营理念、商业利益、行为模式等方面的差异，双方总是处于一种矛盾与冲突之中。特许经营关系的这种矛盾性特点，要求双方能够在平等互利的基础上，加强沟通和理解，化解冲突和矛盾，才能使特许经营体系健康发展，达到双赢的目的。<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">2</span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">时间性<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.6pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN"><font size="3">特许经营关系的时间性特征体现在双方合作的长期性上面。一些成熟的特许经营品牌如其特许经营合同期在10年以上甚至达到20年以上。我国的法律规定，除受许人同意外，特许经营合同的周期应该不低于3年。特许经营关系的这种长期性特征，要求双方保持合作关系的稳定性。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.6pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">3</span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">.</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">阶段性<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.6pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN"><font size="3">大多数情况下，受许人对特许经营和特许人的认知和了解需要经历一个过程。加盟前，受许人往往有很高的期望，在这种期望和憧憬中，受许人加入了特许经营体系，这个时候由于受许人还不了解特许经营业务的运作，对特许人有很强的依赖。加盟后，通过特许人提供的系统培训和一段时间的辅导，受许人基本掌握了特许经营业务的运作方法，这时有的受许人开始表现出&ldquo;独立自主&rdquo;的倾向，认为其加盟经营都是靠自己打拼，不再需要特许人的支持，有的甚至表现出我行我素、自行其是的状况。但是，在&ldquo;独立&rdquo;期间，受许人往往遭遇到很多自己难以解决的问题或麻烦，在经过一段时间的挫折后，受许人逐步醒悟与特许人进行合作的重要性，因而重新回到相互协作轨道中，与特许人建立起互相依赖的合作关系。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.6pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">我们把受许人从依赖到独立再到相互依赖的这个过程，称为&ldquo;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">特许经营关系微笑曲线&rdquo;，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">了解&ldquo;</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">特许经营关系微笑曲线&rdquo;，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN">有利于特许人与受许人的沟通以及特许经营体系的有效管理。<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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</table>
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<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20.65pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96" align="center"><font size="3"><strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体">特许经营关系微笑曲线图</span></strong><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-outline-level: 1" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">4<strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal">.</strong>人为性<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">特许经营常被比作是&ldquo;商业婚姻&rdquo;，这说明在其法律和商业关系背后存在着长期和高度相互依赖的个人之间的关系。有特许经营学者曾经说：如果我们忽视了特许经营中情感、动机和行为等人的因素，我们就忽视了特许经营关系。因此，从根本上来说，特许经营还是一种人与人之间的关系。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><a name="_Toc207384708"><span style="mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></a></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><font size="3"><span style="mso-bookmark: _Toc207384708"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">二、引发特许经营关系</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">危机的常见因素</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">1.角色与理念差异<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">一般来说，特许人需要顾全特许经营体系的整体利益和长远利益，非常重视维护的产品服务品质标准和品牌的良好形象，而受许人更倾向于快速收回投资或获得更高赢利，可能因此而急功近利，出现不执行统一产品或服务标准等有损品牌形象等状况，因此，由于角色定位不一样,可能导致双方在经营理念上和行为上的差异，进而影响特许经营合作关系。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">2.商业利益的冲突<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">商业利益是特许人与受许人的共同追求，是双方维系合作关系的物质基础，同时也是双方最容易产生纠纷与冲突的因素。双方在经济利益上的冲突，往往是以下几个方面：<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-outline-level: 1" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">（1）统一配送价格过高。有的特许人为了获得更大的利益，在合同约定的由特许人提供或配送的商品、原材料或设备加价过高，使受许人在采购成本上无法获得价格优势，甚至比受许人自行采购的价格还要高。这种情况下，最容易出现的情况就是受许人绕开特许人独自进货，甚至因此而退出特许经营体系。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-outline-level: 1" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">（2）特许后续费用过高。受许人往往可以承受前期的加盟费，但如果后期需要持续缴纳的特许经营费用过高，受许人会认为是一个沉重的压力，特别是在受许人遇到经营困境时，受许人与特许人发生冲突的概率是非常高的。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-outline-level: 1" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">（3）受许人的业绩不佳。受许人在加盟一个特许经营体系时，常常对特许经营盈利抱有良好的期望，但当实际经营业绩与期望差距较大，往往会产生怀疑态度，并可能向特许人抱怨或采取种种行动抵制特许人的统一管理要求，进而激发双方的矛盾。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">2.特许人支持不力<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">在特许经营体系中，特许人需要具备相应的支持服务能力。如果特许人对受许人的支持不到位，加盟店在当地的市场竞争中无法获得优势，甚至可能受到生存的威胁。这个时候特许人和受许人会发生严重的冲突。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">3.特许人的经营管理决策影响<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">如果特许人对特许经营体系的重大经营管理决策出现失误或给受许人带来不便，就可能遭到受许人的抵制并可能引起冲突或纠纷。或者特许人对受许人的业务发展限制过多，例如对想发展多家门店的受许人提出的条件和审批的程序过于复杂，甚至否决受许人的要求等阻碍受许人发展的决定，也是双方关系上出现冲突的一个普遍原因。另外，特许人对受许人的自主性经营干预过多，没有给予受许人足够的空间去发挥其能动性，那么受许人要么完全依赖特许人，要么反感特许人的强权干预，无论哪种局面的出现，对于特许人与受许人的关系都会有不良影响。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">4.违反合同约定或法律规定<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">违反合同或法律规定而引发的冲突，有可能出现在特许人方面，也可能出现在受许人方面。例如，有的企业不具备开展特许经营的资格或能力，却打着特许加盟旗号进行广告招商，使得不少创业投资者轻信而加盟，最终引起法律纠纷。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">而受许人违反合同约定或法律的表现通常有：在合同规定的区域、店数之外擅自开店；违反特许人的统一化规定，如擅自提供非特许体系规定的产品或服务</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">擅自改变价格</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">擅自改变产品或服务的质量</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">、</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">擅自从非指定供应商处进货等，这些行为都会对特许人的品牌带来很大的损害。<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; mso-outline-level: 1"><a name="_Toc207384709"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">三、建立和维护良好的特许经营关系</font></span></strong></a><font size="3"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">个方面</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></font></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><font size="3"><strong><span style="COLOR: white; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">建立和维护良好的特许经营关系</span></strong><span style="COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">树立正确的特许经营理念 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">搭建顺畅的沟通交流平台<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">设计合理的利益分配机制 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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        </tr>
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">不断加强加盟支持和管理<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">建立特许体系专业委员会 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">签订完备的特许经营合同<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">建立良好的加盟商激励机制<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%">
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            <td style="BORDER-RIGHT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-TOP: #d4d0c8; BORDER-LEFT: #d4d0c8; BORDER-BOTTOM: #d4d0c8; BACKGROUND-COLOR: transparent">
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: Arial; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">选择合适的受许人 <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><w:wrap type="none"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:group></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">1.树立正确特许经营理念<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">良好的特许经营关系，首先要建立在正确的特许经营理念基础上。特许人和受许人双方，尤其是在特许经营关系中处于主导地位的特许人，只有在正确认识特许经营运作的规律和原则基础上，本着平等协作、互利双赢、共同发展的基本理念，通过多种方法和措施努力塑造和维系平衡的特许经营关系，减少特许人和受许人之间的冲突，避免不必要的损失，才可能使特许人和受许人皆获得成功，实现真正的双赢。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">2.建立受许人选择评估系统<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><font size="3">建立良好的特许经营关系，必须把握好受许人选择关。受许人的评估甄选是特许经营关系的开始，如果一开始的时候就选错了合作伙伴，可以想象未来的合作历程会多么艰难。在这一环节特许经营企业可能出现的现象，一是急功近利，一味追求发展速度，不管什么人只要交钱就可以加盟；二是对特许经营的后期运营管理缺乏足够认识，走一步看一步，反正先招到加盟商再说；三是特许人自己也不知道什么样的才是合格的受许人。这些现象都为合同签订后的特许经营关系管理埋下了巨大的隐患。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">3.设计合理的利益分配机制<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">不管是加盟费、特许权使用费，还是统一配送的商品或原材料价格等等，均需要考虑到是否具有市场竞争力，是否能为</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">受许人所接受或承受。只有在利益机制上得到平衡，特许人和受许人都能获得合理的投资回报，特许经营关系才能够持续和长久。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">4.签订完备的特许经营合同<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">尽管特许经营合同不能解决特许经营关系中的所有问题。但是通过完备的特许经营合同明确双方的权利义务关系，使双方的合法权益都建立在法律保护的基础之上，这样可以避免很多不必要的纠纷，即便万一发生冲突和纠纷，特许经营合同也是一个很好的权益保护的依据。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">5.搭建顺畅的沟通交流平台<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">特许人应该加强与受许人的交流，让受许人总是能感到他是这个特许体系的一员。有效的交流是任何商业合作取得成功的关键。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">成功的特许经营企业经常定期或不定期组织加盟商论坛、专题研讨会、培训等以保证有效交流，了解受许人的想法以及在其经营过程中遇到的各种问题。有的还利用先进的互联网技术或者通过编辑内部报刊等方面来加强与</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">受许人的沟通。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">有的特许人还通过赠送生日礼物、进行节日问候等方式建立与受许人的良好个人关系。<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">6.建立特许体系专业委员会<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">对于涉及整个特许经营体系的重大管理决策，有的特许经营企业利用广大的受许人资源，建立受许人顾问委员会、地区管理协调委员会、广告基金管理委员会、新产品开发委员会等专业委员会，让受许人也参与其中，充分听取他们的意见和建议，让他们也参与相关事务的决策，以此来协商解决特许经营体系中的共同事务，起到了很好的效果。<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">7.不断加强加盟支持和管理<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt">受许人之所以加盟某一个特许经营体系，就是因为能得到特许人的支持而更容易获得成功。特许人只有通过加强对受许人的支持，使受许人获得成功，才能使自己获得成功。也只有持续不断的支持和管理，才能增进受许人对特许人的信任和依赖，才能维护长期的特许经营关系。</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3">8.建立良好的加盟商激励机制<o:p></o:p></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">特许人应建立有效的</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">激励机制，</span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">对优秀的受许人予以各种形式的奖励，以表示对其努力和贡献的认可，不断激发其热情。同时，特许人也需要给优秀受许人一定的发展空间，使其能够在特许经营体系中得到不断地发展。这些措施将加强特许人和受许人之间的了解，增加受许人对特许人的认同感。<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><o:p><font size="3">&nbsp;</font></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ansi-language: ZH-CN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>作者：文志宏（和君咨询合伙人兼连锁研究中心总监）<o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center">&nbsp;</p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2182069.html</guid>
<subject>个人文集</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>个人文集</category>
<pubDate>Mon, 06 Oct 2008 17:12:10 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>文志宏：中小连锁企业如何寻找机遇（《湖北日报》）</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2095445.html</link>
<description>
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            <p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt"><font size="3">荆楚网消息<span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;(</span>湖北日报<span lang="EN-US">)&nbsp;</span>和君管理咨询集团连锁研究中心总监<span lang="EN-US">&nbsp;</span>文志宏</font><span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2004</font></span><font size="3">年以来，外资零售企业加快了在华扩张步伐，同时国内大型零售连锁企业也加速扩张发展。面对国内外大型零售企业夹击，中小连锁企业如何寻找机遇、迎接挑战？</font><span lang="EN-US"><br /><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span><font size="3">中小零售企业具有熟悉本地市场、经营灵活的优势，但同时具有资金实力小、专业化程度低、管理体系不完善、进货成本高等劣势。面对两面夹击，自由连锁成为中小零售连锁企业生存与发展的战略选择。</font><span lang="EN-US"><br /><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span><font size="3">自由连锁具有分享经营管理经验信息、进行系统化专业化人才培训、获得规模采购成本优势等优势。欧洲<span lang="EN-US">SPAR</span>自由连锁组织以其卓越的品牌策略、专业化人才培训、有竞争力的商品价格、多业态经营策略、独一无二的零售实践和出色的运营，成为全球最大的自由连锁组织。美国<span lang="EN-US">IGA</span>自由连锁组织扮演谈判专家、超市医生、人才教练和品牌中介四重角色，通过差异化的战略，使商品具有竞争力，有效避免价格战，保证利润的获取。</font><span lang="EN-US"><br /><font size="3">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font></span><font size="3">目前我国本土自由连锁组织处在起步阶段，但发展前景看好。成立全国农村连锁超市合作组织，以行业协会牵头，具有熟悉农村流通市场、容易形成双向流通机制、搭建资源共享平台等优势，必将推动农村中小连锁企业快速、健康发展。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; LETTER-SPACING: 1pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2095445.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Fri, 29 Aug 2008 17:48:37 CST </pubDate>
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<item>
<title>中国合作贸易企业协会联合采购中心成立</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2095412.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<table width="100%" border="0">
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            <td align="center" bgcolor="#eeeeee" height="40"><font style="FONT-SIZE: 16px"><strong>中国合作贸易企业协会联合采购中心成立</strong></font><br /></td>
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<div align="center"><span class="style1">http://www.cszk.cn 时间：2008年8月27日16:13</span><br /><br /></div>
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            <p align="right">转自：超市周刊 (编辑：cindy)</p>
            </p>
            <p align="center"><br /><strong>全国农村连锁超市发展战略研讨会暨厂商战略合作洽谈会在仙桃召开</strong></p>
            <p>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 本刊讯（记者　高建成）8月2日，中国合作贸易企业协会会长于美芝、湖北富迪实业有限公司董事长李俊明一起高兴地扯下红绸，由此，中国合作贸易企业协会联合采购中心在湖北仙桃正式揭牌成立。<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 这是历时3天的&ldquo;全国农村连锁超市发展战略研讨会暨厂商战略合作洽谈会&rdquo;的一个重要成果。此次会议由中国合作贸易企业协会主办、湖北富迪实业有限公司协办，7月31日到8月2日在湖北省仙桃市召开。会议旨在打造中国农村连锁超市可持续发展的战略合作平台，探讨中小型连锁企业，特别是农村连锁企业如何持续、快速、健康、稳定发展等问题。<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 此次会议的另一个重要成果是酝酿成立了全国农村连锁超市合作组织。与会的各农村连锁企业负责人积极讨论并通过了&ldquo;建立互信互利共同发展机制&rdquo;合作公约书。共有31个商家及10个厂家加入了全国农村连锁超市合作组织。<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 中国合作贸易企业协会会长于美芝在会上指出，国内外大型零售企业因自身整合的需要和目前进入农村市场的机会成本相对过高，三五年内不会大规模进入市场，但广阔的农村市场谁也不会放弃，因此，农村连锁企业必须抓紧利用这段时间巩固阵地。于美芝还针对目前农村连锁企业相对弱势的实际情况，提出联合发展已是农村连锁企业提高竞争力的必由之路。她的这一观点得到与会者的广泛认同，各连锁企业负责人就农村连锁企业合作的模式与方法及合作中的具体问题纷纷发表了各自的看法并提出一系列建议。湖北富迪实业有限公司董事长李俊明呼吁联合采购先从非食品类的二三线品牌做起。<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 李俊明在会上介绍了富迪超市探索农村市场、成为江汉平原的龙头企业的成功经验，并强调，农村连锁零售企业要暂避&ldquo;红海&rdquo;，早进乡镇，成线成块成网发展，减小经营风险；同时构建适应乡镇发展的连锁经营管理模式。与会代表还参观了湖北富迪实业有限公司物流园、食品工业园以及乡镇连锁超市。<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 中国中商经济研究中心副主任于淑华、和君管理咨询集团连锁研究中心总监文志宏、江苏百年软件科技有限公司经理叶为民也分别就自愿连锁问题、农村连锁超市盈利模式、物流及信息技术在农村连锁企业发展过程中的作用等问题做了精彩演讲。湖北省商务厅副厅长潘启胜、仙桃市各级领导、业内专家、各连锁企业及厂家负责人等300多人参加了会议。</p>
            </td>
        </tr>
    </tbody>
</table>]]>
</description>
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<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Fri, 29 Aug 2008 17:37:47 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>文志宏老师应邀参加中国农村连锁超市战略研讨会并发表专题演讲</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2042107.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p>应中国合作贸易企业协会邀请，和君咨询合伙人文志宏老师于7月31日至8月1日参加了在湖北仙桃市举行的中国农村连锁超市战略研讨会,，并发表题为&ldquo;面对国内外大型连锁企业夹击，中小零售企业如何寻找机遇、迎接挑战&rdquo;的专题演讲。</p>
<p>中国合作贸易企业协会于美芝会长、湖北省商务厅潘启胜副厅长、仙桃市市委书记周霁、中国商业经济研究中心副主任于淑华老师等领导和专业出席了本次研讨会，并发表了专题演讲。</p>
<p>参加本次战略研讨会的还有来自全国各地的100多家三、四级市场的零售连锁企业的负责人，共同探讨中小零售企业发展之路，并商议成立中国农村连锁超市采购合作组织。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/2042107.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Wed, 06 Aug 2008 22:47:01 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>文志宏老师应邀参加中国河套中式快餐连锁高峰论坛并发表专题演讲</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1957058.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p>6月24日，文志宏老师应邀参加了中国河套中式快餐连锁高峰论坛并发表专题演讲。在专题演讲中，文老师深入分析了中国餐饮市场前景、竞争格局、发展趋势以及关键问题。并援引国际餐饮集团的发展历程，就中式快餐连锁的发展方向和关键路径阐述了独到的观点。</p>
<p>有来自全国各地100多名连锁经营或餐饮业专家、以及餐饮企业负责人参加了本次峰会。</p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1957058.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Fri, 04 Jul 2008 17:44:41 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>文志宏老师深度解读连锁业态及投融资机会</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1957029.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[6<font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">月</font></font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">21</font><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">号下午，文志宏总应和君产业研究中心邀请为和君公司同仁与商学院同志开展了题为&ldquo;从连锁业态发展现状看潜在投融资机会&rdquo;的精彩讲座，深度解读了和君对连锁经营及相关行业投融资机会的理解。</font></font><br />
<p align="left"><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></font></font></p>
<p align="left"><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp; &nbsp; 文总首先对连锁业态的历史演变、发展趋势进行了介绍，然后针对连锁模式在不同的行业的应用情况及资本关注情况进行了分析。</font></font></p>
<p align="left"><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp; &nbsp; 在对连锁业态进行介绍之后，文总聚焦<span class="t_tag" onclick="tagshow(event)" href="tag.php?name=%D6%D0%B9%FA">中国</span>餐饮行业进行了深度的分析。针对影响<span class="t_tag" onclick="tagshow(event)" href="tag.php?name=%D6%D0%B9%FA">中国</span>餐饮连锁<span class="t_tag" onclick="tagshow(event)" href="tag.php?name=%C6%F3%D2%B5">企业</span>发展的几个关键问题，</font></font><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">标准化程度低</font></font><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">、</font></font><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">连锁运营管理水平较低</font></font><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">、专业人才缺乏、发展资金缺乏，文总提出三条发展中国餐饮连锁的道路：单店运营标准化、</font></font><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">连锁管理体系、通过与资本对接以快速形成规模化优势，并以麦当劳、百胜集团、快乐蜂、味千拉面为例进行了详尽的解释和探讨。</font></font><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></font></p>
<p align="left"><font face="宋体 "><font style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt">&nbsp; &nbsp; 本次活动还邀请到了部分连锁企业负责人和同行参加。在随后展开的互动环节，大家就连锁业态中比较重要的问题展开了探讨，在切磋交锋的过程中的不少观点如&ldquo;连锁业态中推进管理咨询＋信息技术&rdquo;发人深省。</font></font></p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1957029.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Fri, 04 Jul 2008 17:27:35 CST </pubDate>
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<item>
<title>文志宏老师应邀到开心人药店连锁公司总部讲课</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1895869.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p>6月13日，应开心人药店连锁（控股）公司之邀，文志宏老师给开心人40多名连锁公司中高管理人员及店长进行了以&ldquo;优秀公司的门店经营之道&rdquo;的专题培训。文志宏老师分别深入地分析了世界药店之王&mdash;&mdash;沃尔格林，世界快餐之王&mdash;&mdash;麦当劳，世界便利店之王&mdash;&mdash;7－11的连锁店成功的关键要素，并对连锁运营的规律进行了总结和提炼。</p>
<p>开心人药店连锁是中国的知名药店连锁公司，用5年时间做成了中国药店行业的驰名商标。并于最近获得美国花旗银行旗下的日本日兴投资的一亿元人民币的风险投资。这是中国药店连锁企业自海王星辰（已在美国上市）于获得美国高盛风险投资以后第二笔风险投资。开心人将用这笔资金在今年开展收购兼并，连锁规模将达到400家以上。</p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1895869.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Sat, 14 Jun 2008 11:19:24 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>文志宏老师访问日本东京证券交易所和大和证券</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1782386.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p>2008年4月30日，文志宏老师与和君咨询合伙人一行访问了位于日本东京的东京证券交易所，受到东证相关负责人的热情欢迎。东京证券交易所国际部等有关负责人专门为和君咨询合伙人详细介绍了中国企业在东京上市的情况。</p>
<p>在东京期间，文志宏老师与和君咨询合伙人一行还访问了日本最大的投资银行机构&mdash;&mdash;大和证券，双方就可能开展的中日间的合作展开了交流。</p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1782386.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 14:39:04 CST </pubDate>
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<item>
<title>文志宏老师考察日本连锁（特许）经营企业</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1782294.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[4月26日，文志宏老师与和君咨询合伙人一行开始了日本的商务考察和交流。期间文志宏老师重点考察了日本的零售、服务业以及连锁经营的发展情况。]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1782294.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 14:33:17 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>文志宏老师就连锁（特许）经营人才供求及培养问题接受北京青年报记者采访</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1782231.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p>日前，北京青年报记者就我国连锁经营和特许经营人才市场供求以及培养问题采访和君咨询合伙人文志宏老师。</p>
<p>文老师提到：我国连锁经营和特许经营人才总体上比较缺乏，主要是连锁经营和特许经营在我国发展的时间还不长，不管在理论还是实践方面的积累都比较有限。目前，连锁（特许）经营人才的培养主要是三个途径：一是连锁（特许）经营企业自身，一些大型的连锁（特许）经营企业建立了自己的连锁（特许）经营学院，主要培养适合于本企业的实用型人才；二是相关行业协会举办的专业培训研修班，但目前主要为短期培训；三是相关大学陆续开办了连锁（特许）经营专业，开展学历教育，但目前课程体系还有待完善，毕业学生就业主要是在基层工作。</p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1782231.html</guid>
<subject>同行交流</subject>
<author>ahwen820</author>
<category>同行交流</category>
<pubDate>Wed, 14 May 2008 14:28:19 CST </pubDate>
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