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人教版新目标七年级英语下册各单元词汇用法汇总(4)

字体大小: - - twj1399978   发表于 07-04-01 19:29     阅读(3558)   评论(0)     分类:
Unit4  I want to be an actor.
01I want to be an actor. 我想成为一名演员。
He wants to be a shop assistant. 他想成为一名店员。
I want to be a newspaper reporter, because it’s an interesting job.
我想成为一名报社的记者,因为它是项有趣的工作。
Do you want to work for a magazine as a reporter?
你想要作为一名记者为一家杂志社工作吗?
Do you want to be in the school play? 你想参加学校的戏剧表演队吗?
want是一个常用动词(vt.&vi.),主要表示“要;想要;希望;需要;要求;相见;应该;缺乏”等含义。主要用法如下:
I want you to try. 我希望你试试。(want sb. to do sth.要某人做某事)
He wants to be a singer. 他想成为(当)歌唱家(歌手)。(want to be…想要成为/……)
You want to be careful crossing streets. 你过马路时应该小心。
The teacher wants you. 老师要见你。
These plants want water. 这此植物需要水。
want would like 的用法区别:
want would like 均表示想要;需要时,它们之间的区别如下:
want would like均想要,几点用法别忘掉;
二者均可接三宾:名词、代词、不定式;
不同之处有一点:want人称数之变;
some用于Would you like…?,是疑,建议;
肯定回答要牢记,“Yes, please. ”“别客气。,请示也可用它提;
否定回答也要记,“No, thank you.”“谢谢你。
注:表示想要某物时,可以用“would like sth.”“want sth.”来表示均可。如:
I’d like some tea with sugar.=I want some tea with sugar. 我想要(喝)加糖的茶。
表示想要做某物时,可以用“would like to do sth.”“want to do sth.”来表示均可。如:
I’d like to go swimming.=I want to go swimming. 我想去游泳。
would like无人称和数的变化,而want 则有。试比较:
She’d like milk for breakfast.=She wants milk for breakfast. 她早餐时要(喝)牛奶。
Would you like…?形式上是疑问句,但却表示建议和请示,所以句中常用some而不是any
want/wish/hopeexpect用法辩析
want,wish,hopeexpect这四个动词都可以表示愿望,意思为想要;希望;期望等,但它们的用法有别:
want用于口语,表达迫切的愿望。常用于:
want+n./pron.想要某物,如:
I want a new pen. 我想要支新钢笔。
want+to do sth.要做某事,如:
I want to buy the bike. 我想买这辆自行车。
want+sb.to do sth.()要某人做某事,如:
The teacher wants us to clean the classroom. 老师要我们打扫教室。
want+sth.done在要别人把某事作了,如:
He wants the work done at once. 他想要这项工作立刻结束。
sth+want+doing/to be done某事需要做,如:
The windows wants cleaning/to be cleaned. 窗户需要清扫。
[注意]want之后不能跟从句或“object+n.”结构作宾语。
wish表示客观上不太可能实现的希望或表示祝愿。常用于:
wish+to do sth.希望做某事,如:
I wish to visit America someday. 我希望有一天去参观美国。
wish+sb. to d o sth.希望某人做某事,如:
His parents wishes him to be a scientist in the future. 他父母希望他将来成为科学家。
wish+sb.+n,/adj.祝愿某人...... ,如:
I wish you success!I wish you happy! 祝你成功!祝你幸福!
wish+that clause但愿. .....(从句要用虚拟语气) ,如:
I wish(that) I were young again. 我希望我又年轻了。
wish+sth.done希望(别人)做了某事,如:
I wish the work finished this week. 我希望这项工作本周结束。
[注意]wish后跟宾语从句时要用虚拟语气。
hope强调主观上的希望。常用于:
hope+to do sth.希望做某事,如:
We hope to visit Yanan soon. 我们希望很快就去参观延安。
hope+that clause希望...... ,如:
Our foreign friends hope that they can jion the May Day cele-brations in Beijing.
我们的外国朋友希望他们能在北京参加“五一”庆祝庆祝活动。
[注意] hope后不能跟复合宾语。
02Bank clerks work with people and money. 银行职员和钱和人打交道。
    with的用法见第三单元。
03People give me their money or get their money from me.
人们给我钱或者把钱从我里取出来。
    Giveget也是很常用的动词,常见用法如下:
give用法:give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.
give away / back / off /out / up / way to
give one’s life to
              give out
表示耗尽,用完give是不及物短语。
    give
作及物动词(vt.)“给出;赋予;发生”:
If you have more, please give me some. 如果你有多的,请给我。
give away
分发,赠送,颁发,背叛,出卖,暴露 give in 屈服
give off
放出(气体,)
Those flowers look pretty but don't give off a nice smell. 这些花看似漂亮,但是气味并不好。
give out
使人筋疲力尽
Some restaurants give out an odor that reaches to the street.
一些餐厅里面的气味飘到了街上。 odor 是指比 scent 更浓更清楚的味道。
give up
放弃,停止做某事
He resolved to give up smoking他决心戒烟。
give over
让位于=give way to被取代
give rise to 引起,导致
From mutual understanding, a comfortable situation has been creation.
由于彼此的了解,因而建立了愉快的关系。create 除了创造以外,还有“give rise to, cause”的意思。
get 用法:get cold; get down to; get away; get close to, get hold of, get in, get off, get on,
get rid of, get up
get
作使役动词时,不定式作宾语补足语时to不能省。如:
Can you get him to pick me up at seven?
get vi.
变得,成为;到达。如:
When do you get up everyday? 每天你几点起床?
get about
到处走,消息的传开。如:
Don't forget about the bet. 别忘了打赌的事。
get across
穿过,讲清楚使人了解,领会。如:
The children began to get across at each other. 孩子们开始争吵了。
get away 逃掉,离开,摆脱。如:
I hope to get away early in the morning.我希望一早就动身离开。
get down
下来,写下来,记下来,病了/使某人不安。如:
It's time to get down to business now. 是进入正题的时候啦。
get along with sth
进展得
get along with sb 相处
get in
进去,进站,收进来,收帐。如:
Yeah. Yeah. Let's get in our lines. 是啊是啊。请排好位置。
get off
离开,下车。如:
You can take the bus and get off at the second stop. 你可以坐公共汽车第二站下。
get on
上车。如:
Don't get on my nerves!(不要搅得我心烦。)
get out
拔出,传开。如:
I need to get out more. 我需要多出门去。
get over
克服(困难),从病中恢复过来,不接from。如:
Yes, I know, but he'll get over it. 是的我知道过一下就会好的。
get around =spread 传开
get through
完成,通过,用完,从人群中通过,接通电话。如:
It took us only a few minutes to get through the Customs.
我们的海关检查只花了几分钟时间。
get to
到达,抓住问题的要害,本质。如:
Excuse me, how can I get to the bus station? 对不起,汽车站怎么走?
get together 聚会,联欢。如:
Let's get together one of these days.找一天聚聚。
get in a word
策划
get into trouble 陷入
get rid off 摆脱,去掉
04、Nurse wears a white uniform and helps doctors. 护士穿白色制服帮助医生。
wear 动词,可表示“穿着……样的衣服”,“蓄着……样的头发”,“戴着眼镜”等。wear的宾语是“衣服、鞋子、眼镜”等。wear 表示经常性的状态。wear用进行时态时表示短时间内的状态。试比较:
She wears sports shoes every day. 她每天穿运动鞋。
Mr. Brown wears glasses.布朗先生戴着眼镜。
Miss Li is wearing a new dress today. 李老师今天穿着一件新裙子。
put on 表示“穿”这个动作。如:
It's cold outside, put on your coat.外面冷,穿上大衣。
in 和 wear 都是表示“穿着/
戴着……”这一状态。如:
This is the man in glasses.就是戴着眼镜的那个人。
The girl is in a red dress.穿红色连衣裙的那个女孩(或:那个女孩穿着红色连衣裙。)
至于 dress 有一个“自己穿衣”或“打扮”的意思。如:
Don't come in—I'm not dressed!别进来——我没穿好衣服!
They wanted to dress themselves in clothes of virtue(德行、美德).
他们想把自己打扮得道貌岸然。
05Sometimes I work in the day and sometimes at night.
我有时候在白天工作,有时候在晚上工作。
sometimes是频度副词,表示有时候如:
Sometimes the little girl laughsand sometimes she cries.这个小女孩有时笑,有时哭。
Sometimes I went to school by bike and sometimes on foot
我有时骑自行车上学,有时步行去。
sometime是副词,表示曾经,某时,有朝一日,常同过去时或将来时连用。如:
Will you go and see your teacher sometime
你哪一天去看看你的老师好吗?
The accident happened sometime last month.事故发生在上月某一天。
some time是名词词组,通常表示一段时间
He rang again after some time.过了一会儿他又打电话来了。
It will take some time to translate this book.翻译这本书要费一些时间
常用的频度副词有四个,always, usually,often,sometimes
频度副词在句中习惯上位于be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前。如:  
She is often late for school.
她上学经常迟到。
He usually goes to bed at about 12.
他通常(午夜)十二点钟睡觉。
When do you usually get up in the morning? 早上你通常什么时候起床?
sometimes
是个特殊的频度副词,既可以放在be动词、助动词之后,行为动词之前,也可以放在句首,还可以放在句尾。如:
I sometimes think that it is a great mistake.
我有时想这是一个大错。
Sometimes I help my mother in the house.
有时候我帮助妈妈做家务。
often可以放在句中,也可放在句尾,习惯上不放在句首。如:
We have been there quite often.我们经常到那儿去。
这些频度副词的位置与句中谓语动词有无助动词有关。句中没有助动词时,副词置于动词be之后,其它动词之前。
表示频度方面的区别:
always是频度最大的词,意为"总是;永远"如:
I shall always remember my first day at school.我将永远记住我上学的第一天。
usually意为"通常",即很少例外,频度仅次于always如:
What do you usually have for breakfast?你通常早餐吃什么?
often意为"经常",在频度上不如usually那么频繁。如:
Li Ping often does his homework in the afternoon.李平经常在下午做作业。
sometimes
意为"有时候",频度比often,表示动作偶尔发生,间断较大。如:
I sometimes go to the library.我有时去图书馆。
Sometimes I read a book in the evening.
我有时在晚上看书。
频度副词与not连用时,表示部分否定;对频度副词进行提问时,要用how often如:
A great scholar is not always a very wise man.
大学者未必一定是极聪明的人。
We go to the cinema sometimes.(
对划线部分提问)
How often do you go to the cinema?
06Policemen’s work is very interesting ,but kind of dangerous.
我的工作很有趣,但是有几分危险。
07Thieves don’t like me. 小偷们不喜欢我。
A reporter likes talking to people. 记者喜欢和人们谈话。
like的法见第一单元。
08A waiter works late. 服务员工作很晚。
09They’re very busy when people go out to dinners. 当人们晚上出去吃饭时,他们非常忙。
    when, while这两个词都有"当……时候"之意,但用法有所不同,使用时要特别注意。
when意为"在……时刻或时期",它可兼指"时间点"与"时间段",所引导的从句的动词既可以是终止性动词,也可是持续性动词。如:
When I got home, he was having supper.我到家时,他正在吃饭。
When I was young, I liked singing.我年轻时喜欢唱歌。
while只指"时间段",不指"时间点",从句的动词只限于持续性动词。如:
While I slept, a thief broke in.在我睡觉时,盗贼闯了进来。
辨析
①when从句与主句动作先后发生时,不能与while互换。如:
When he has finished his work, he takes a short rest.
每当他做完工作后,总要稍稍休息一下。(when = after)
When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.
当我到电影院时,电影已经开始了。(when=before)
②when从句动词为终止性动词时,不能由while替换。如:
When he came yesterday, we were playing footall.昨天他来时,我们正在踢足球。
③当从句的谓语是表动作的延续性动词时,when, while才有可能互相替代。如:
While / When we were still laughing loudly, the teacher came in.
正当我们仍在大声嬉笑时,老师进来了。
④当从句的谓语动词是终止性动词,而且主句的谓语动词也是终止性动词时,when可和as通用,而且用as比用when在时间上更为紧凑,有"正当这时"的含义。如:
He came just as (or when) I reached the door.我刚到门那儿,他就来了。
⑤从句的谓语动词如表示状态时,通常用while。如:
We must strike while the iron is hot.我们应该趁热打铁。
⑥while和when都可以用作并列连词。
He is tall while his brother is short.他的个子很高,然而他弟弟很矮。
She was on her way home when two big boys stopped her.
她正走在回家的路上,这时两个大个子男孩拦住她。
10Call Alan’s Restaurant at 555-3937. 按照号码555-3937给艾伦的餐馆打电话。
11We are an international school for children of 5-12.
我们是一所为5-12岁孩子提供的国际性的学校。
12He teaches me English and I teach him Chinese. 他教我英语,我教他汉语。
    teach 用法:
teach sb. English(教某人英语);
teach oneself(自学);
teach sb. how to swim(教某人如何游泳);
teach school(美)(教书,当教师)
teach sb. a lesson(给某人一个教训), 注意比较:give sb. a lesson(训斥某人)
13hospital:医院
    go to hospital(美:go to the hospital):到医院看病
    be in hospital(美:be in the hospital):住院治疗
    be at hospital(美:be at the hospital):在医院(工作)

14write stories:写小说;Work hard:努力工作;

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