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<title><![CDATA[鲁卫平]]> </title>
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<![CDATA[沧海横流,方显英雄本色;滴水穿石,铁杵磨成花针]]>
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<link>http://luweiping791210.blog.bokee.net/</link>
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<pubDate>Fri, 25 May 2007 21:46:28 CST </pubDate>
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<item>
<title>高层建筑施工测量</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1954000.html</link>
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<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高层建筑物施工测量中的主要问题是控制垂直度，就是将建筑物的基础轴线准确地向<span class="GramE">高层引测</span>，并保证各层相应轴线位于同一竖直面内，控制竖向偏差，使轴线<span class="GramE">向上投测的</span>偏差值不超限。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">轴线向上投测时，要求竖向误差<span class="GramE">在本层内</span>不超过</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">5mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，全楼累计误差值不应超过</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2<em>H</em>/10 000</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-style: italic">H</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为建筑物总高度），且不应大于：</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">30m</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＜</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">H</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&le;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">60m</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">10mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">；</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>60m</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＜</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">H</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&le;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">90m</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">15mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">；</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span>90m</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">＜</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">H</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"> </span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">时，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">20mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高层建筑物轴线的<span class="GramE">竖向投测</span>，主要<span class="GramE">有外控法</span>和内控法两种，下面分别介绍这两种方法。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 48.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: #0000cc; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一、<span class="GramE">外控法</span></span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: #0000cc; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoBodyTextIndent" style="TEXT-INDENT: 35.4pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.96"><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">外控法</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">是在建筑物外部，利用经纬仪，根据建筑物轴线<span class="GramE">控制桩来进行</span>轴线的<span class="GramE">竖向投测</span>，亦称作&ldquo;经纬仪引桩投测法&rdquo;。具体操作方法如下：</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．在建筑物底部<span class="GramE">投测中心</span>轴线位置</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">高层建筑的基础工程完工后，将经纬仪安置在轴线控制桩</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">B</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">B</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，把建筑物主轴线精确地投测到建筑物的底部，并设立标志，如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-18</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">b</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">b</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，以供下一步施工与向上投测之用。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">11-18<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经纬仪<span class="GramE">投测中心</span>轴线</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><w:wrap type="none"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:group></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．<span class="GramE">向上投测中心线</span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">随着建筑物不断升高，要逐层将轴线向上传递，如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-18</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示，将经纬仪安置在中心轴线控制桩</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">B</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">B</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，<span class="GramE">严格整</span>平仪器，用望远镜瞄准建筑物底部已标出的轴线</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">b</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">b</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点，用盘左<span class="GramE">和盘右分别</span>向上投测到每层楼板上，并取其中点作为该层中心轴线的投影点，如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-18</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">中的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">b</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">b</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">3</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．增设轴线引桩</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当楼房逐渐增高，而轴线<span class="GramE">控制桩距建筑物</span>又较近时，望远镜的仰角较大，操作不便，<span class="GramE">投测精度</span>也会降低。为此，要将<span class="GramE">原中心</span>轴线<span class="GramE">控制桩引测到</span>更远的安全地方，或者附近大楼的屋面。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">O</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">30<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">O</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">10<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">O</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">a</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">30<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">a</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">30</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">&prime;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">a</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">10<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">a</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">A</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">A</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">2<o:p></o:p></span></sub></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">a</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">10</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">&prime;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">a</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">&prime;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><em style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">A</span></em><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1</span></sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 13.5pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">&prime;<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">11-19<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经纬仪<span class="GramE">引桩投测</span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><w:wrap type="none"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:group></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">具体作法是：</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将经纬仪安置在<span class="GramE">已经投测上去</span>的较高层（如第十层）楼面轴线</span></strong><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">10</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">a</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">10</span></sub></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上，如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-19</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示，瞄准地面上原有的轴线控制桩</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点，用盘左、<span class="GramE">盘右分中投点法</span>，将轴线延长到远处</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">点，并用标志固定其位置，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">、</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">即为新投测的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><em><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">A</span></em></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><sub><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></sub></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">&prime;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">轴控制桩。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">更高各层的中心轴线，可将经纬仪安置在新的引桩上，按上述方法继续<span class="GramE">进行投测</span>。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 48.2pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: #0000cc; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">二、内控法</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 24pt; COLOR: #0000cc; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内控法是在建筑物内&plusmn;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">0</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">平面设置轴线控制点，并预埋标志，以后在各层楼板相应位置上预留</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">200mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&times;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">200 mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的传递孔，在轴线控制点上直接采用<span class="GramE">吊线坠法或</span>激光<span class="GramE">铅垂仪法</span>，通过<span class="GramE">预留孔将其</span>点位<span class="GramE">垂直投测到任一</span>楼层，如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-21</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-23</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．内控法轴线控制点的设置</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在基础施工完毕后，在&plusmn;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">0</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">首层平面上，适当位置设置与轴线平行的辅助轴线。辅助轴线距轴线</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">500</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">800mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为宜，并在辅助轴线交点或端点处埋设标志。如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-20</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1227" style="LEFT: 7230px; WIDTH: 240px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 11245px; HEIGHT: 457px" coordsize="21600,21600" stroked="f" type="#_x0000_t202"><v:fill opacity="0"></v:fill><v:textbox style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.531pt; LEFT: auto; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25pt; WIDTH: 17.312pt; TOP: auto; HEIGHT: 32.937pt" inset="0,0,0,0">
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">2<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1228" style="LEFT: 7230px; WIDTH: 210px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 8534px; HEIGHT: 482px" coordsize="21600,21600" stroked="f" type="#_x0000_t202"><v:fill opacity="0"></v:fill><v:textbox style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.218pt; LEFT: auto; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.25pt; WIDTH: 15.125pt; TOP: auto; HEIGHT: 34.75pt" inset="0,0,0,0">
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><v:shape id="_x0000_s1229" style="LEFT: 4870px; WIDTH: 304px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 8529px; HEIGHT: 487px" coordsize="21600,21600" stroked="f" type="#_x0000_t202"><v:fill opacity="0"></v:fill><v:textbox style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.625pt; LEFT: auto; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5pt; WIDTH: 21.906pt; TOP: auto; HEIGHT: 35.093pt" inset="0,0,0,0">
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 15pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt">4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><v:rect id="_x0000_s1230" style="LEFT: 5230px; WIDTH: 1720px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 9379px; HEIGHT: 1491px" coordsize="21600,21600"><v:fill opacity="0"></v:fill></v:rect><v:line id="_x0000_s1231" style="POSITION: absolute" to="5630,10870" from="5630,9370"></v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1232" style="POSITION: absolute" to="6561,10879" from="6560,9379"></v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1233" style="POSITION: absolute; flip: y" to="5780,10390" from="5230,10387"></v:line><v:line id="_x0000_s1234" style="POSITION: absolute; flip: x" to="6950,9841" from="6350,9841"></v:line><v:shape id="_x0000_s1235" style="LEFT: 4688px; WIDTH: 3050px; POSITION: absolute; TOP: 12460px; HEIGHT: 370px" coordsize="21600,21600" stroked="f" type="#_x0000_t202"><v:fill opacity="0"></v:fill><v:textbox style="MARGIN-TOP: 0.312pt; LEFT: auto; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.125pt; WIDTH: 219.718pt; TOP: auto; HEIGHT: 26.687pt" inset="0,0,0,0">
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">11-20<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">内控法轴线控制点的设置</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox></v:shape><w:wrap type="none"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:group></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．吊线坠法</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吊线坠法是</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">利用钢丝悬挂重锤球的方法，进行轴线<span class="GramE">竖向投测</span>。这种方法一般用于高度在</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">50</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">100m</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的高层建筑施工中，<span class="GramE">锤球的</span>重量约为</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">10</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">20kg</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">，钢丝的直径约为</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">0.5</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">～</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">0.8mm</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。<span class="GramE">投测方法</span>如下：</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><o:wrapblock><v:shape id="_x0000_s1238" style="MARGIN-TOP: 0px; Z-INDEX: 5; LEFT: 0px; MARGIN-LEFT: 296.25pt; WIDTH: 120pt; POSITION: absolute; HEIGHT: 248.25pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-position-vertical: top" coordsize="21600,21600" type="#_x0000_t75" o:allowoverlap="f"><v:imagedata src="ee4/image006.jpg" o:title="32" chromakey="white"></v:imagedata><w:wrap type="topandbottom" side="left"></w:wrap></v:shape></o:wrapblock><br style="mso-ignore: vglayout" clear="all" /><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><v:shape id="_x0000_s1236" style="WIDTH: 183pt; HEIGHT: 27.5pt; mso-position-horizontal-relative: char; mso-position-vertical-relative: line" coordsize="21600,21600" stroked="f" type="#_x0000_t202"><v:fill opacity="0"></v:fill><v:textbox style="MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; LEFT: auto; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.75pt; WIDTH: 183pt; TOP: auto; HEIGHT: 27.5pt" inset="0,0,0,0">
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            <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt">11-21<span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">吊线<span class="GramE">坠法投测</span>轴线</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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</v:textbox><w:wrap type="none"></w:wrap><w:anchorlock></w:anchorlock></v:shape></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-21</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示，在预留孔上面安置十字架，<span class="GramE">挂上锤球</span>，对准首层预埋标志。当<span class="GramE">锤球线</span>静止时，固定十字架，并在预留孔四周<span class="GramE">作出</span>标记，作为以后恢复轴线及放样的依据。此时，十字架中心即为轴线控制点在该楼面上的投测点。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">用<span class="GramE">吊线坠法实测</span>时，要采取一些必要措施，如用铅直的塑料管<span class="GramE">套着坠线或将锤球沉浸</span>于油中，以减少摆动。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">3</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．激光铅垂仪法</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）激光铅垂仪简介</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光铅垂仪是一种专用的铅直定位仪器。适用于高层建筑物、烟囱及高塔架的铅直定位测量。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光铅垂仪的基本构造如图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-22</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所示，主要由氦氖激光管、<span class="GramE">精密竖轴</span>、发射望远镜、水准器、基座、激光电源及接收屏等部分组成。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">激光器通过两组固定螺钉固定在套筒内。激光铅垂仪的<span class="GramE">竖轴是空心筒轴</span>，两端<span class="GramE">有螺扣</span>，上、下两端分别与发射望远镜和氦氖激光器套筒相连接，二者位置可对调，构成向上或向下发射激光束的铅垂仪。仪器上设置有两个互成</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">90˚</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的管水准器，仪器配有专用激光电源。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）激光铅垂<span class="GramE">仪投测</span>轴线</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">图</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">11-23</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为激光铅垂仪进行<span class="GramE">轴线投测的</span>示意图，其<span class="GramE">投测方法</span>如下：</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">1</span></strong><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在首层轴线控制点上安置激光铅垂仪，利用激光器底端（全反射棱镜端）所发射的激光<span class="GramE">束进行</span>对中，通过调节基座整平螺旋，使管水准器气泡严格居中。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"> <span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">2</span></strong><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">在上层施工楼面<span class="GramE">预留孔处</span>，放置接受靶。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">3</span></strong><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">接通激光电源，启辉激光器发射铅直激光束，通过发射望远镜调焦，使激光束会聚成红色耀目光斑，投射到接受靶上。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="TEXT-INDENT: 36.15pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312">4</span></strong><span class="GramE"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></strong></span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">移动接受靶，使靶心与红色光斑重合，固定接受靶，并在预留孔四周<span class="GramE">作出</span>标记，此时，靶心位置即为轴线控制点在该楼面上的投测点。</span></strong></p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1954000.html</guid>
<subject></subject>
<author>luweiping791210</author>
<category></category>
<pubDate>Thu, 03 Jul 2008 16:36:45 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>装配式混凝土结构高层建筑施工</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1945693.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center" align="center"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">一、高层升板结构施工的发展</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．升板法施工工艺：</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1913</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年美国学者</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">A. Pelter</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">提出</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1948</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年美国人</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">P. Youtz</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">和</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">T. Slick</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">试验成功</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．基本原理：</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">施工现场就地重叠浇筑建筑物的楼、屋面板，柱子亦在现场预制，吊装好的柱子即作为提升各层楼、屋面板的支承和导架，用提升机具把各层楼、屋面板提升到设计标高后加以固定，形成板柱框架结构。</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．优点：</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）各层混凝土板均为就地重叠浇筑，不需底模，只需少量边模，可节约大量木材；</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）混凝土浇筑均在地面进行，高空作业少，施工安全；</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）不需大型起重设备，只需一些小型机具即可进行施工，施工工序简单，施工速度快；</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）适合在城市中狭窄场地上进行施工等。</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">．发展：</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">世界范围：</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">20</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">世纪</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">50</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代初期正式使用，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">60</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代达到高潮。</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">法国&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">11</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层钢筋混凝土住宅（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1955</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">前捷克斯洛伐克&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">21</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层住宅（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1959</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">前苏联&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">9</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体">～</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">16</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层住宅</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">日本&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层百货大楼</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">哥伦比亚&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">36</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层哥伦比亚航空公司大楼</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">美国&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">20</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层公寓</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span lang="EN-US"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></font></font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"><font size="3">我国：</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">60</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代中期开始研究应用，</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">70</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年代升板施工技术遍及全国各地。</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">上海&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">30m</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层江湾外贸冷库（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1975</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">北京&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">39.8m</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层西南郊冷库（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1976</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天津&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">40m</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">层果品冷库（</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">1982</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">）</span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font size="3"><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">天津&mdash;&mdash;</span><span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">48.9m</font></span><span style="FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的</span><span lang="EN-US"><font