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<title><![CDATA[杨素晖心理师 舒晖阳光心理咨询工作室 ]]> </title>
<description>
<![CDATA[电话:0592-3885655.信箱:xl_120@yeah.net,
特色项目:私人心理顾问,团体心理训练!]]>
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<link>http://yangsuhui.blog.bokee.net/</link>
<language>zh-cn</language>
<creator>yangsuhui</creator>
<pubDate>Fri, 29 Sep 2006 08:05:08 CST </pubDate>
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<ttl>5</ttl>

<item>
<title>当你走在金色地毯的这一天</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1906879.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.7pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.47"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (转载)</span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.7pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.47"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 17.7pt; mso-char-indent-count: 1.47"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">在一个名为&ldquo;生命之泉&rdquo;的心理工作坊上，有位单亲妈妈接受了治疗。她独自带着孩子走过了<span lang="EN-US">11</span>个年头。内心的孤独、艰辛可想而知。对于未来的幸福，她觉得那么遥不可及。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>治疗到最后的时候，我为她播放了那首《走在红毯那一天》。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>在歌声里，治疗师在她的人生之路上为她设定了一个找到幸福的画面。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>治疗结束后，她立刻被一群女学员包围了，分享她的感受。她说自己要把这首歌永远地珍藏起来，因为这首歌将会为她不断地唤回那幅美好的画面。而这幅画面会给她很多的勇气和信心。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>其实所有的事情都没有改变，但是如果我们的内心有足够的信心和勇气，那么我们面对这个世界的状态就已经截然不同了。这正是心灵治疗的最基本原理吧。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>回来后在<span lang="EN-US">QQ</span>上有个新的朋友加我。说他自己是个<span lang="EN-US">NLP</span>的新手。我说我们是同道中人，以后可以多探讨。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>他问咨询师时间线究竟是怎么回事。咨询师想用这篇博客来回答他。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>时间线是生命的第四维坐标。物质是三维的，而意识是四维的。其中多出来的一维就是时间线。时间线把我们的过去、现在、未来联系在了一起。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>我们这个流派的<span lang="EN-US">NLP</span>（<span lang="EN-US">ABNLP</span>）的导师泰德<span lang="EN-US">&middot;</span>詹姆斯把时间线治疗提到了一个前所未有的高度。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>大多数人都能将自己经历的时空形成一条线，这就是时间线。有的人时间线歪歪曲曲，表明他的人生经历比较曲折；有的人时间线比较顺直，表明他的人生的曲折比较少。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>一个好的时间线治疗师要学会找出客户的时间线、找到问题的根源、在通向过去的时间线上释放当事人的负面情绪、消除限制性的信念和决定、可以帮助客户改变时间线的方向、在通向未来的时间线上可以帮助客户消除焦虑感、创造美好的未来<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>用催眠可以帮助我们任意地穿梭在时间线上，去寻找过去，去设定未来，甚至可以去寻找自己的前生来世。全人类所有的文化都已经达成了默契，那就是生命是有轮回的。而时间线是揭开这个奥秘的工具。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>时间线治疗是帮助客户处理负面情绪最高效的一种方式。在治疗过程中，引发的情绪非常激烈也非常深刻。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>在生命的时间线上，过去留给我们的是回忆，看法和学习，这些东西完全可以重新加工。未来也影响了现在。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>真正的活在当下，就是不断改变对于过去的看法和学习成果，然后不断地去投射美好的未来。<span lang="EN-US">&mdash;&mdash;</span>这就是当下应该有的活法。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>时间线治疗的基本过程：<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br />1</span>、寻找第一件负面情绪事件<span lang="EN-US"><br />2</span>、抽离<span lang="EN-US"><br />3</span>、走到事件之前的<span lang="EN-US">15</span>分钟<span lang="EN-US"><br />4</span>、去看去听去感受<span lang="EN-US"><br />5</span>、回到事件中，释放所有的负面事情<span lang="EN-US"><br />6</span>、一路走回来，释放所有的负面情绪<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>咨询师用时间线为一位客户做了负面情绪的释放。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>当我们在时间线上追溯到他的高中时代，他开始伤心地哭泣。整个表情表现出内心强烈的痛苦。我引导他一路上去释放他所有的负面情绪。为了改变他的时间线，我让他想象有一条金色的阳光地毯铺在过去通往现在的人生之路上，并且继续延伸到遥远的未来。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>如果你愿意，现在也请你闭上眼睛，去想象在你脚下，开始出现一条金色的阳光地毯，这个阳光地毯充满了能量，给你未来的人生输送源源不断的支持和力量。你也可以想象在路的两边，有绿色的树木，五彩缤纷的鲜花。一路上还有很多亲人朋友和你一起走在这条人生之路上。你们给予相互的关爱、支持、温暖和力量。然后一起去创造快乐、幸福的未来。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>在未来的画面中，你看到了什么？<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>去为你自己创造一个美好的未来吧。相信它会为你创造一个奇迹！<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>不断地在你的时间线上去创造你的人生吧！<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp; </span></span>生命的礼物将在某个时刻和你不期而遇。<span lang="EN-US"><br /><br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span>祝福你<span lang="EN-US">~~~</span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1906879.html</guid>
<subject>商务咨询服务</subject>
<author>yangsuhui</author>
<category>商务咨询服务</category>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2008 17:13:16 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>所谓“青春期性敏感症”案例分析</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1905571.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &mdash;&mdash;心理咨询师手记，杨素晖硕士</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</font></span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">案例一：高一女生</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小丽，一度很苦恼</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">不愿意去上学，可以说她心事重重</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">因为她在学校里不敢抬头走路，怕看到男生</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">尤其担心男生认为她在看男生的下体，小丽的母亲反映小丽在家洗澡不愿意开灯</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">担心祼体被人看见小丽听说网上有些祼体照片她很担心自己不小心也被拍照被放到网上去</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所有这些类型的心理问题困扰着她使她自行休学在家</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,.</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小丽的问题属青春期的性敏感问题</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">已有靠近精神障碍边缘状态危险</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">. </font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经过家长劝说来到心理咨询中心</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经过了两个疗程的心理咨询治疗以后</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">小丽欢欢喜喜地上学了。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">案例二：一天一位在职业学院上课的老师提到一位职业院校的一名男生</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">居然下课时在教室门口大喊</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我要强奸</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">.</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">可见，这位男生所面临的是青春期的性冲动难于按捺的问题。有性学家甚至认为，</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">17-19</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的性能量是最强的。说明青春期的性心理健康的维护是相当重要的。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">案例三</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">某职高女生</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,18</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">突然休学几个月不去上学</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一天比一天忧郁</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">后来经过网络咨询告诉一位心理老师</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">同班一位男生邀她去玩</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">那位男生居然连一句</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">我爱你</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">都没说就占有了她的身边</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">第二天</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">那位男生看见她就躲开了</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">再也不接她的电话</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">为此</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这位女生很苦恼</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">又羞又恼又恨的</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">也很困惑担心怀孕等事。这个案例，也是典型的性冲动问题，做事以后又感到&ldquo;不好意思&rdquo;，又担心&ldquo;责任&rdquo;从而退缩逃避导致忧郁休学的问题。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">案例四</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">某大学三年级男生来心理咨询室咨询</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他的烦恼是自己不敢抬头看人</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">经过咨询辅导</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他说自从他在网上看到了两性视颦后就总是想着那些事</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一看到女生就想着女生身体的敏感部位</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自己常手淫</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">自觉得很羞耻，特别担心大家知道他在想这些事，他说他不敢用眼睛看人就是这么原因，特别不敢看女生，其实心里很想看，晚上上网时总是很想看。这是一位看黄色图片、视频&ldquo;上瘾&rdquo;的男生的苦恼，这也是现在一部分&ldquo;网瘾青少年&rdquo;的问题之一。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">有些青少年主动来到心理咨询室寻求帮助，甚至有中学生会告诉心理咨询师，现在我们班上已经没有几个是&ldquo;处女&rdquo;、&ldquo;处男&rdquo;&hellip;&hellip;</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;</span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥">&ldquo;</span></strong></font><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">我们用太长的时间、太大的代价，换取了</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><font face="Times New Roman">&lsquo;</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">爱</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><font face="Times New Roman">&rsquo;</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的经验，别让我再过一次青春期，我已经幸运地、还算健康地从中逃亡出来了。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">这是接受青春期性问题访谈的一位中学生的感慨。有个学生说：</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">性无知比应试教育还惨。</span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;<o:p></o:p></font></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"><font face="Times New Roman">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </font></span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">青春期是波澜壮阔的，有着强烈的心理动荡，每个人的青春期都有各种难忘的经历，毕竟所有初次的尝试都是新奇强烈的印象也是特别的深刻；而青春期所集中的初次体验却是密集得应接不暇。青春期及青年初期面对性的发育成熟必然带来的心理巨变是不可避免的，也是需要面对的。如何学会与异性交往，认识自己的身体，认识异性的身体，与异性亲密的向往并尝试性、情、爱的快乐这都是这个时期一直想学想体验的领域。据专家调研，学生对学校的性教育是&ldquo;百分百不满意&ldquo;，所有有关性知识及性心理几乎都是他她自己冒着危险探索来的，负罪感也由然而生，进而产生了各种各样的变形及伪装，也就是也现了各种心理、行为问题，甚至是边缘状况与精神障碍。有国内外研究显示，青春期的精神障碍大多数与性心理问题有关，如性创伤或性幻想或是性意向增强等身心变化及际遇有关。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">可以说青春期的&ldquo;性敏感症&rdquo;原本不是什么病理状态，是正常的身体感觉及心理反映，如果有合适的心理疏导及积极的心理能量指向，这种&ldquo;性敏感&rdquo;能自行转化成积极、正面的心理能量而用于学习、交往上，是成长的必经之路；如果受了压制或是受责备，或是接受了大量不合时宜的图片、视频信息的干扰则可能导致其内心存在既喜欢又害怕的、既又快乐又感到罪恶的矛盾心理，正是这种矛盾心理可能导致分裂样心理状态；如果加上某些个案存在各类发展中的心理问题或是遇到成长中的障碍或是性格问题或是不良家教影响等，则可能导致其出现精神障碍，青春期精神障碍不仅不少见，甚至是高发期。所以，从这些过度敏感的性心理及行为也同样可观测出一定的病理因子。就此，特别呼吁关注青少年及青年初期的性心理健康维护工作。<span lang="EN-US"><o:p></o:p></span></span></strong></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span></span></strong><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt"><o:p></o:p></span></strong></p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1905571.html</guid>
<subject></subject>
<author>yangsuhui</author>
<category></category>
<pubDate>Tue, 17 Jun 2008 14:03:34 CST </pubDate>
</item>

<item>
<title>摆脱不了的战争记忆之痛苦</title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1886340.html</link>
<description>
<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; （转载）</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20pt; mso-char-indent-count: 2.0"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'"></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　长久煎熬的痛：头脑里的战争</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　格雷戈里</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&middot;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赫勒参加过越战。那已经是很久以前的事情了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman"> <br />1970</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">月，他在经历了长达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">18</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">个月热带丛林的军旅生涯之后退役。当时赫勒年仅</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">19</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁，回国后读大学，再后来找到一份好工作、娶妻生子。一家人住在艾奥瓦州得梅因市的郊外，享受着天伦之乐。这种平平安安的生活过了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">28</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年，但是到</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">1998</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年，封存在赫勒头脑里的黑暗场景突然间再现了。当时，在童子军夏令营举行的升旗仪式上，礼炮轰鸣，身为夏令营辅导员的赫勒突然栽倒在地。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">所有的记忆，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他说，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">全都再现眼前。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;<br /><br /></font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　从此以后，赫勒再也摆脱不掉那些黑暗的记忆。战争场面始终浮现在他的眼前、不断地吞噬着他的灵魂，而且还破坏了他的生活。婚姻破裂了、工作也丢了。赫勒曾先后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">次企图自杀。他最喜欢藏在被他称作</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">掩体</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的地下室里。在公共场合，他始终关注通往出口的道路是否畅通，是否有人站在他的身后。无论做什么，赫勒都随身携带着一支手枪，不过弹夹里是空包弹。他时时刻刻都感到不安，好像总有人在威胁他。他就像是一枚随时能被引爆的定时炸弹。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　为治病，现年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">54</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">岁的赫勒住了几个月的医院，然后经常去看精神病医生。他每周都要去治疗。两年半以来，赫勒已经成为百分之百的伤残退役军人。医生的诊断是外伤后应激综合征。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　所有世界上参加过战争的士兵，尽管外表上是完好的，但是他们的内心却受到极大的伤害。他们对战争的记忆总是挥之不去、时刻伴随着恐惧、并受到负罪感的折磨、不被他人所信任。他们既不能消化往事，也无法排遣心中的痛苦。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">战争的场景经常噩梦般地出现</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">。赫勒由此变得越来越不合群，几乎不与任何人交往，以至于很难适应平民生活。由战争引起的外伤后应激综合征是越战之后在美国出现的一种现象，并被正式承认为疾病。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　仍被漠视的痛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　即便现在，美国舆论也根本不把士兵们在新的战争中的心理痛苦当回事儿。在伊拉克战争中阵亡的士兵会有人为他们哭泣，身体受伤者被送回国内，也会登记在案，有数可查。但是，患外伤后应激综合征的人数只能估计。根据五角大楼的一份研究报告，大约每</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名从伊拉克归来的美国士兵当中，就有一人出现严重的抑郁症、恐惧感或其他症状。在阿富汗，美国士兵患外伤后应激综合征的风险为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">11</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">％。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　伊拉克战争开战两年半后，已有上万名士兵罹患外伤后应激综合征。这是越战后士兵患外伤后应激综合征首次在美国成为群体现象。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　如果这一日益严重的问题见诸报端的话，那一定是以发生暴力行为为前提的。例如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">2002</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年夏天，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名从阿富汗归来的特种部队士兵在布拉格堡杀害了他们的妻子。前不久，被评为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">年度海军陆战队优秀士兵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">的丹尼尔</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&middot;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">科特努在其家乡马萨诸塞州的住宅里用霰弹枪射击一名怪叫的夜行者。科特努来自一个殡葬业主之家，他在伊拉克曾经为准备运回国的战友支离破碎的尸体做过整容。在事发的半年前，科特努对《波士顿环球报》吐露了真情，他有时过于神经质，现在必须再度适应家乡不会有汽车炸弹爆炸的现实。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　关于外伤后应激综合征，也是很难诊断的。因为人们难以预料患者何时会把残酷的战场经历当成</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">正常</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">？何时会出现抑郁？像科特努那样的人已经在战争中变得野蛮粗野，他的暴力倾向会向病态方向发展吗？患者何时需要救助？患者何时会对自己或他人构成危险？自从布拉格堡发生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">起人命案后，美军斥巨资制定帮扶救助计划。在战争前后对每名参战士兵进行问询调查和谈话。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　难以启齿的痛</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　不过需要指出的一点是，受过残酷训练的士兵一般都不愿意承认患这种病或有其他心理问题。赫勒是少数公开自己内心痛苦的外伤后应激综合征患者之一。他认识到这种现象，并撰写了关于外伤后应激综合征的著作。他还建立了一个自助团体，向患有这种病的患者提供咨询，并四处去作报告。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　从伊拉克回来的士兵头脑里也经常浮现可怕的战争场面。据五角大楼的研究报告，每</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">10</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名患者中就有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">6</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">人认为，如果他们承认自己有心理问题，战友和上级将会另眼看待他们。赫勒在这里举了一名海军陆战队士兵的例子。当他归国时，一位心理专家向全体士兵发问，战争经历是否给他们带来了心理或情感方面的问题。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">当然没有人愿意在战友面前承认这一点，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赫勒说，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他们都希望回家，而不愿去治疗。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">这名海军陆战队士兵回到家后买了一台电视机，把自己关在屋子里，平时决不外出，只有到了夜间才出去买啤酒。当他再次到部队报到时，问题就来了。现在他要在军事监狱里蹲上几年。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">没有人在意一个优秀的战士沦为刑事犯这一现象，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赫勒说。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　赫勒讲述了一名归国士兵在伊拉克的经历。有一次这名战士驾驶的一辆弹药车陷在泥浆之中，动弹不得，为了不让弹药落入敌人之手，他启动了定时炸弹开关。在弹药车爆炸之前，他看到一些伊拉克妇女和儿童好奇地接近弹药车，结果被炸身亡。他说：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">他们被炸得飞上天时的面部表情每天都出现在我脑海里。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赫勒还透露，至少有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">名向他求助的从伊拉克归国的军人产生过自杀的念头。其他人几年后才承认，他们有这方面的问题。或者他们以匿名的方式出现在外伤后应激综合征的网站论坛上。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><br /><br /></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">　　外伤后应激综合征几乎没有治愈的希望。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">一旦谁得上了这种病，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赫勒说，</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&ldquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">将再也摆脱不掉它。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&rdquo;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">迄今为止，尚无治疗这种疾病的神药。有人建议研发一种就像按电钮一样永远消除可怕记忆的神奇药物，但这项建议也引起了普遍的争议，因为一旦负罪感消失，那么战场上最后的障碍也就不存在了。在此之前，痛苦的记忆就成了格雷戈里</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt"><font face="Times New Roman">&middot;</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'">赫勒这样的人为他们在战争中还没有完全泯灭的良知所必须付出的代价。</span></p>]]>
</description>
<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1886340.html</guid>
<subject></subject>
<author>yangsuhui</author>
<category></category>
<pubDate>Tue, 10 Jun 2008 17:10:48 CST </pubDate>
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<item>
<title>PTSD 及其危机干预 </title>
<link>http://www.bokee.net/blogmodule/weblogcomment_viewEntry/1885610.html</link>
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<![CDATA[<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align="center"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><strong><font face="Times New Roman" color="#000000"></font></strong><br /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">　　创伤后应激障碍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(posttraumatic stress disorder, PTSD)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">是指个体经历威胁生命事件之后出现的一组有特征性和持续存在的症状群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">并且导致一定社会功能的丧失。本文复习有关</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的人群终生患病率、共病问题、以及危机干预及其影响因素。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">　　创伤后应激障碍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">( Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">是指突发性、威胁性或灾难性生活事件导致个体延迟出现和长期持续存在的精神障碍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[1],</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">其临床表现以再度体验创伤为特征</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">并伴有情绪的易激惹和回避行为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[2]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。简而言之</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">是一种创伤后心理失平衡状态。人的心理活动包括感知、情感和意志行为等各部分之间相互影响</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">是统一协调活动的有机整体。重大生活事件导致个体心理失平衡状态又称危机</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">给予及时处理或干预</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">即为危机干预</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">如对</span><st1:chsdate w:st="on" isrocdate="False" islunardate="False" day="7" month="5" year="2002"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2002</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">5</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">月</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">7</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">日</span></st1:chsdate><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">大连空难的善后处理。换言之</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">危机干预是恢复危机前的心理平衡状态</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[3], </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">主要是有针对性地采取一些措施纠正情绪失衡状态</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[4,5]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。理论上讲</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的危机干预可以预防疾病发生、缓解精神和躯体症状、预防不良后果的发生。本文旨在对此作一简要综述</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">以明确目前</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">研究现状、危机干预的主要方法、效果及其不足。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><br /></span><font size="3"><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">一、</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD </font></span></strong><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的患病率</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></span></strong></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">　　据美国精神病协会</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(American Psychiatry Association, APA)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">统计</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">美国</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的人群总体患病率为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">14% , </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">平均为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">8%, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">个体终生患病危险性达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">58%, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">女性约是男性的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">倍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[2]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。德国研究结果为人群总体患病危险性仅为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">1.3%,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">而阿尔及利亚研究结果显示高达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">37.4%, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">同时</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患者的自杀危险性亦高于普通人群</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">高达</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">19%[6]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">　　一般说来</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">不同的人群或个体</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">不同应激事件所致</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的患病危险性亦不相同。有研究表明</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">交通事故后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">无论受伤与否</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">25%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的儿童会患</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">且缺乏父母关爱的青少年更易罹患本病</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[7]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。幼年期遭受过躯体或性虐待的儿童</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, 10</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">55%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">成年后会患</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD,50</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">75%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患儿</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">症状会一直延续到成年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[7]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。青少年罪犯中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的患病率是普通青少年的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">倍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">其中</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">女性是男性的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">倍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[7]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">Brimes</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">8</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名空难幸存者的研究发现</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">按</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">DSM-</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">Ⅳ</span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">诊断标准</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">创伤后一周有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">4</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名患急性应激障碍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">一个月后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">3</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名患</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">且</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名共病抑郁障碍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[8]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。另一项对海湾战争的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">3000</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">住院士兵研究发现</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">13%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的士兵患有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD[9]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">Goenjian</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">等调查了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">1988</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">年美国斯巴达克地区地震后的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">582</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名受灾者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,74%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD, 22%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患抑郁障碍</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[10]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">Con2lon</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">等研究</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">40</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名交通事故后有轻微外伤的住院患者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">一周后约</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">75%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患者主诉有强烈的精神痛苦</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, 3</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">个月后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">19%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">诊断为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">时点患病率为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">9%</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。著者同时指出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">交通事故后患者的早期精神痛苦严重程度、老龄、外伤严重程度等是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患病的主要影响因素</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[11]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><br /></span><font size="3"><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">二、</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD </font></span></strong><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的临床特征及其共病问题</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">:</font></span></strong></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">PTSD</font></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的核心症状有三组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">即</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">: </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">闯入性症状、回避症状和警觉性增高症状</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">见表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">1)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。但是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">儿童与成人的临床表现不完全相同</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">且年龄愈大</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">重现创伤体验和易激惹症状也越明显。成人大多主诉与创伤有关的恶梦、梦魇</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">; </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">儿童因为大脑语言表达、词汇等功能发育尚不成熟等因素的限制常常无法叙述清恶梦的内容</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">时常从恶梦中惊醒、在梦中尖叫</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">也可主诉头痛、胃肠不适等躯体症状。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">Wilfred </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">研究指出</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">: </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">儿童重复玩某种游戏是回闪或闯入性思维的表现之一</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[7]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。值得注意的是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">会阻碍儿童日后独立性和自主性等健康心理的发展。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto" align="left"><font size="3"><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">表</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">1 </font></span></strong><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">　</span></strong><strong><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span></strong><strong><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">的主要临床症状</span></strong></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">1. </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥"><font size="3">持续地重新体验到这种创伤事件。如</font></span><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">:<br />(1) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">反复闯入性地痛苦地回忆起这些事件</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">,</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">包括印象、思想、或知觉。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(2) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥"><font size="3">反复而痛苦地梦及此事件。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">2. </font></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">对创伤伴有的刺激作持久的回避</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">及对一般事物的反应显得麻木。如</span></font><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">:<br />(1) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">努力避免有关此创伤的思想、感受、或谈话。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(2) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥"><font size="3">努力避免会促使回忆起此创伤的活动、地点、或人物。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(3) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥"><font size="3">不能回忆此创伤的重要方面。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(4) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥"><font size="3">明显地很少参加有意义活动或没有兴趣参加。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(5) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥"><font size="3">有脱离他人或觉得他人很陌生的感受。</font></span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">(6) </font></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">情感范围有所限制</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">例如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">不能表示爱恋</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">3. </font></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">警觉性增高的症状</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">表现为</span></font><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">:<br />(1) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">难以入睡</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">或睡得不深</span></font><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">;<br />(2) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">激惹或易发怒</span></font><font size="3"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">;<br />(3) </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">难以集中注意。</span></font><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><br /></span><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">注</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">: </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">节选自</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">DSM-</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">Ⅳ</span><font face="Times New Roman"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt">, 19</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">94: 427</span></font><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">～</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">429<o:p></o:p></font></span></font></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 12pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan; mso-margin-top-alt: auto" align="left"><font size="3"><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">　　</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">可以共病焦虑、抑郁、物质依赖等多种精神疾患</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">也可以共病高血压、支气管哮喘等躯体疾病。例如</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">Roca</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">等报道</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">对</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">129</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名主诉有记忆障碍的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">士兵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">符合</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">DSM-</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">Ⅳ</span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">诊断标准</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">用临床询问量表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">韦氏智力量表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">以及症状自评量表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">(</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">贝克抑郁量表、简明症状量表以及分离体验量表</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">)</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">分别检验患者的智能、记忆以及主观记忆方面的能力下降情况。结果发现</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">: </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患者的记忆评分与智商、语言记忆指数等不相关</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">而与抑郁量表及简明症状量表等显著相关。提示</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">PTSD </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">患者主诉记忆障碍并不能真正反映记忆损害</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">相反它提示了共病情绪障碍的危险性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">[12]</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">Engel</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">等研究参加海湾战争的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">21224</font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">名美国士兵</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">, </font></span><span style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥">其中诊断为</span><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: #333333; LINE-HEIGHT: 150%; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face